The basic requirements of mine lighting are: good lighting quality, high luminous efficiency, power saving, safe and reliable, durable and easy to install, use and maintain. The coal mine safety regulations have specific regulations on the lighting requirements of the main locations of the mine.
Mine lighting fixtures are divided into fixed type and mobile type according to the way of use;

According to the structure type, it can be divided into general type for mine use, safety type for mine use and explosion-proof type for mine use.
In the past, the main light sources used in underground mines were incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps. Such light sources not only pollute the environment, but also do not save energy. Nowadays, environmental protection and energy saving are advocated, and mine lighting also uses safe, energy-saving and environmentally friendly light sources—LED light sources.
On mobile machinery and equipment such as mining and loading machinery and electric locomotives, mobile lamps (also known as mining floodlights) are used to provide local lighting for operations. Most of these lamps are explosion-proof for mine use, with the characteristics of good shock resistance, large light spot, high brightness, durable and with switches.

Most of the light sources are incandescent bulbs, and a few use high-pressure mercury lamps for lighting the hydraulic coal mining face. The spotlight on the electric locomotive has a reflector with good performance, so that the irradiation distance exceeds 40m, and there must be a taillight (red light) that is easy to disassemble and fixed firmly.  
Lighting power supply The fixed lighting power supply in Chinese mines is generally 127V, powered by a dry lighting transformer; the mobile lighting power supply is generally 36V, and some are 127V, powered by a lighting transformer attached to the machine body.  
The projecting light source on the trolley type electric locomotive is powered by the overhead line DC power supply; the battery type electric locomotive is powered by the tap of the battery pack of the machine.

There are two types: head-mounted (called miner's lamp or headlamp) and portable. The miner's lamp is a necessary lamp for underground miners. It is composed of a battery pack, a lamp holder and a connecting cable.
The storage battery is tied to the miner's belt, and the lamp head is worn on the miner's hat.
There is an automatic power-off device inside the lamp head, and the power can be cut off immediately when the bulb or lamp surface glass is broken, so as to ensure the safety of underground use. The portable lamp is equipped with a lifting ring or a hook, and the battery in the lamp directly supplies power to the bulb through the conductive contact.